Enkelad (mjesec)

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Enkelad

Enceladus snimljen orbiterom Cassini, oktobar 2015.[a]
Discovery
Discovered by	William Herschel
Designations
Designation	Saturn II
Imenovan po	Ἐγκέλαδος Egkelados
Adjectives	Enceladean /ɛnsəˈleɪdiən/[1][2]
Orbital characteristics
Semi-major axis	7005237948000000000♠237.948 km[3]
Orbital period (sidereal)	7006137021800000000♠1,370218 d[3]
Inclination	0.009° (to Saturn's equator)[3]
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	7003252100000000000♠252,1±0,2 km[4][5] (7002395000000000000♠0,0395 Earths, 7003145100000000000♠0,1451 Moons)
Surface gravity	1.134 m/s2 (7002116000000000000♠0,0116 g)
Moment of inertia factor	7003330500000000000♠0,3305±0,0025[6]
Escape velocity	2.391 km/s (860.4 km/h)[3]
Synodic rotation period	Sinhrona
Axial tilt	0
Albedo	7003137500000000000♠1,375±0,008 (geometrijski na 550 nm)[7] or 7001810000000000000♠0,81±0,04 (Bond)[8]
Surface temp. min mean max Kelvin[9] 32.9 K 75 K 145 K Celsius −240 °C −198 °C −128 °C
Apparent magnitude	11.7[10]
Atmosphere
Surface pressure	Trace, significant spatial variability[11][12]
Composition by volume	91% vode pare 4% nitrogen 3.2% ugljen-dioksid 1.7% metan[13]

Enkelad (Enceladus) je prirodni Saturnov satelit kojeg je 1789. otkrio astronom William Herschel. Ime je dobio po gigantu Enkeladu iz starogrčke mitologije. Ovaj satelit ima drugo ime Saturn II.

Greška kod citiranja: <ref> oznake postoje za grupu pod imenom "lower-alpha", ali nije pronađena pripadajuća <references group="lower-alpha"/> oznaka, ili zatvarajući </ref> nedostaje

1. ^ Freitas, R. A. (1983). "Terraforming Mars and Venus Using Machine Self-Replicating Systems (SRS)". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 36: 139. Bibcode:1983JBIS...36..139F.
2. ^ Postberg et al. "Plume and surface composition of Enceladus", p. 129–130, 148, 156; Lunine et al. "Future Exploration of Enceladus and Other Saturnian Moons", p. 454; in Schenk et al., eds. (2018) Enceladus and the Icy Moons of Saturn
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Facts
4. ^ ^{a b} Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Roatsch et al. 2009
5. ^ ^{a b c} Jacobson, Robert. A. (1. 11. 2022). "The Orbits of the Main Saturnian Satellites, the Saturnian System Gravity Field, and the Orientation of Saturn's Pole". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (5): 199. Bibcode:2022AJ....164..199J. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac90c9. S2CID 252992162 Provjerite vrijednost parametra |s2cid= (pomoć).
6. ^ McKinnon, W. B. (2015). "Effect of Enceladus's rapid synchronous spin on interpretation of Cassini gravity". Geophysical Research Letters. 42 (7): 2137–2143. Bibcode:2015GeoRL..42.2137M. doi:10.1002/2015GL063384.
7. ^ Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Verbiscer et al. 2007
8. ^ Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Howett_2010
9. ^ Spencer, John R.; Pearl, J. C.; et al. (2006). "Cassini Encounters Enceladus: Background and the Discovery of a South Polar Hot Spot". Science. 311 (5766): 1401–5. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1401S. doi:10.1126/science.1121661. PMID 16527965. S2CID 44788825.
10. ^ Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Observatorio ARVAL
11. ^ Dougherty, M. K.; Khurana, K. K.; et al. (2006). "Identification of a Dynamic Atmosphere at Enceladus with the Cassini Magnetometer". Science. 311 (5766): 1406–9. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1406D. doi:10.1126/science.1120985. PMID 16527966. S2CID 42050327.
12. ^ Hansen, Candice J.; Esposito, L.; et al. (2006). "Enceladus' Water Vapor Plume". Science. 311 (5766): 1422–5. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1422H. doi:10.1126/science.1121254. PMID 16527971. S2CID 2954801.
13. ^ Waite, Jack Hunter Jr.; Combi, M. R.; et al. (2006). "Cassini Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer: Enceladus Plume Composition and Structure". Science. 311 (5766): 1419–22. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1419W. doi:10.1126/science.1121290. PMID 16527970. S2CID 3032849.
14. ^ "Enceladus". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Arhivirano s originala, 31. 7. 2020.
    "Enceladus". Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
15. ^ Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Discovery
16. ^ Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <ref>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom Porco Helfenstein et al. 2006